G. I. Borisov Lexical changes in Lex Salica Karolina (pp. 89–99)
Author
G. I. Borisov (Lomonosov Moscow State University)
Pages\n 89–99
Summary\n
This paper will discuss the changing of the vocabulary and text structure in Lex Salica Karolina, made in its last edition, which was written by the order of Charlemagne, approximately in 802 AD. This source, which is the most well-known and wide-spread legal text of Early Middle Ages (contains in approximately 60 manuscripts from 9th-10th centuries) remain at the same time least developed in historiography. There is an edition by K.A. Eckhardt in Monumenta Germaniae Historica, but it includes just about a half of all the mentioned manuscripts. However, his study allows me to compare the text structure and the arrangement of chapters, as well as the vocabulary of the recension I use with the earlier and better developed “A”, “C”, “D”, “E”. This paper deal with the poorly known manuscript, which Eckhardt didn’t include in his edition – the codex Lat. O.v.II no. 11 from the National library of Russia in Saint-Petersburg. Compared with the earlier editions, this text (which is also known under the title “K”edition) is remarkable for its good Latin. The most important feature of Lex Salica Karolina is the lack of so called “Malberg glosses” – the phrases in Old High German, describing different legal cases. Study of the “K” recension (consisting of 70 chapters) shows that it was based mainly on the recensions “A” and “C” (consisting of 65 chapters), while the longer and younger “D” and “E” recensions (consisting of 99 and 100 chapters) were used as additional ones. Approximately a third part of all the chapters was improved by codifiers: they reformulated phrases and titles, described the meaning of the chapters more particularly, added legal formulas, which were known from the late antic texts (“Codex Theodosianus”, the acts of the Synods and the Church Fathers’ works). As for the vocabulary changes, there were only few ones. The codifiers corrected grammatically wrong phrases and other errors of Merovingian Latin without changing the essence of the law. Thus, the corrections and additions regarding the vocabulary and the structure of the text influenced mostly the language but not the contents of the law.
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