Indo-European linguistics and classical philology
E. V. Zheltova On the language egocentrism and anomalous paradigms in Latin (pp. 252–263)
Author
E. V. Zheltova (Saint Petersburg State University)
Pages\n 252–263
Summary\n
The author makes an attempt to explain why the first person singular forms in Latin are marked with special suffixes comparing to the other forms in the paradigms of the Future (-a- instead of -e-) and the Future Perfect (-er- instead of -eri-). The suffix -a- is also used for the Pres. Subj., and its first person singular is homonymous with the Future first person singular that creates the ambiguity in some contexts, but is not the reason to unify the paradigm of the Future. As for the -eri- suffix it is also used for the Perf. Subj. and creates the homonymous forms for all the persons in its paradigm but one – the first person singular. In both cases it is the first person singular that is specifically singled out in Latin. From the typological point of view the singling out of the speaker is not a rare phenomenon and can by expressed by different means in the languages (i.e. morphologically, pragmatically etc.). The author of the paper explains this phenomenon as a manifestation of language egocentrism. The first person singular is one of the egocentric elements (or indexicals) that serve to express the subjectivity of the language and to give a special status to the speaker. The analysis of many occurrences of the forms dicam (Future / Pres. Subj.), dixero (Future Perf.) and dixerim (Perf. Subj.) in the Cicero’ s corpus, as well as numerous parallels from the other languages ​​help the author to substantiate this hypothesis.
Keywords\n
the Latin language, deixis, indexicals, subjectivity, modality, Future tense, Subjunctive mood.
References\n
  1. Apresyan Yu. D. Deyksis v leksike i grammatike i naivnaya model' mira [Deixis in vocabulary and grammar and a naive model of the world]. Izbrannye trudy [Selected works], vol. 2. M.: Shkola «Yazyki russkoy kul'tury», 1995, pp. 629–650. (In Russ.).
  2. Benvenist E. Obshchaya lingvistika [General Linguistics]. Yu. S.Stepanov (ed.). M.: Izd-vo «Progress», 1974. (In Russ.).
  3. Borovskiy Ya. M., Boldyrev A. V. Uchebnik latinskogo yazyka [A Textbook of the Latin Language]. 4th ed. M.: «Vysshaya shkola», 1975. (In Russ.).
  4. Zheltov A. Yu. Yazyki niger-kongo: strukturno-dinamicheskaya tipologiya [Structural and Dynamic Typology of the Niger-Congo languages]. SPb: Izd-vo SPbGU, 2008. (In Russ.).
  5. Lindsey V. M. Kratkaya istoricheskaya grammatika latinskogo yazyka [A Short Historical Latin Grammar]. M., 1948. (In Russ.).
  6. Onipenko N. Model' sub"ektnoy perspektivy i problema klassifikatsii egotsentricheskikh elementov [The Subjective Perspective Model and the problem of Classification of the Egocentric Elements]. Problemy funktsional'noy grammatiki: Printsip estestvennoy klassifikatsii [The Issues in Functional Grammar. The Principle of Natural Classification]. M.: Yazyki slavyanskoy kul'tury, 2013, pp. 92–121. (In Russ.).
  7. Paducheva E. V. Vyskazyvanie i ego sootnesennost' s deystvitel'nost'yu: referentsial'nye aspekty semantiki mestoimeniy [Statement and its correlation with reality (referential aspects of the semantics of pronouns)]. 5th ed. M.: Izd-vo LKI, 2008. (In Russ.).
  8. Paducheva E. V. Egotsentricheskie valentnosti i dekonstruktsiya govoryashchego [Egocentric Valencies and the Deconstruction of the Speaker]. Voprosy yazykoznaniya [Issues of Linguistics], 2011, no. 3, pp. 3–18. (In Russ.).
  9. Plungyan V. A. Vvedenie v grammaticheskuyu semantiku: grammaticheskie znacheniya i grammaticheskie sistemy yazykov mira [Introducing grammatical semantics: Grammatical values and grammatical systems in the world's languages]. M., 2011. (In Russ.).
  10. Sobolevskiy S. I. Grammatika latinskogo yazyka. Teoreticheskaya chast'. Morfologiya i sintaksis [Latin Grammar. Theory. Morphology and Syntax]. SPb.: Izd-vo «Aleteyya», 1998. (In Russ.).
  11. Tronsky I. M. Istoricheskaya grammatika latinskogo yazyka [Historical Grammar of Latin]. N. N. Kazansky (ed.).M.: «Indrik», 2001. (In Russ.).
  12. Uspenskiy B. A. Ego Loquens. Yazyk i kommunikatsionnoe prostranstvo [Ego Loquens. The Language and the Communication Space]. M., 2007. (In Russ.).
  13. Khodorkovskaya B. B. Sintaksis i semantika klassicheskogo latinskogo yazyka [Syntax and Semantics of Classical Latin]. M.: Greko-latinskiy kabinet Yu. A. Shichalina, 2009. (In Russ.).
  14. Khomyakova E. G. Yazykovoy egotsentrizm. Urovni aktualizatsii [Linguistic Egocentrism. Levels of Actualization]. http://www.phil.pu.ru/depts/02/anglistikaXXI_01/68.htm (In Russ.).
  15. Ernu A. Istoricheskaya morfologiya latinskogo yazyka [Historical morphology of Latin]. M.A.Borodina (transl.), I. M.Tronsky (ed.). 2nd ed. M.: Editorial URSS, 2004. (In Russ.).
  16. Cicero. The Verrine Orations. With an English translation by L. H. G. Greenwood. Cambridge (Mass.); London, 1989.
  17. Handford S.A. The Latin Subjunctive. Its Usage and Development from Plautus to Tacitus. London, Methuen & Co. Ltd., 1946.
  18. Pinkster H. Latin Syntax and Semantics. London; New York: Routledge, 1990.
  19. Sihler A. L. New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin. New York; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.
doxygen 1.9.1